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队列是一个基本的数据结构，类似排队那样先进先出，加入队列的大小是有限制的，最后一个元素进队时需要将第一个元素进行出队操作，并且队列还得有序

1. 迭代

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-MAX = 5
queue = [None, None, None, None, None]def Queue(data):for i in range(MAX):if i == MAX - 1:queue[i] = databreakqueue[i] = queue[i+1]print(queue)KEY = 8
while(KEY):Queue(input())KEY -= 1

运行结果：

Geek-Mac:Downloads zhangyi$ python3 Nice.py 
1
[None, None, None, None, '1']
2
[None, None, None, '1', '2']
3
[None, None, '1', '2', '3']
4
[None, '1', '2', '3', '4']
5
['1', '2', '3', '4', '5']
6
['2', '3', '4', '5', '6']
7
['3', '4', '5', '6', '7']
8
['4', '5', '6', '7', '8']

2. 使用标准库中的 collections.deque 实现双端循环队列

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-from collections import dequequeue = deque([], 5)
for i in range(8):queue.append(input())print(queue)

运行结果：

Geek-Mac:Downloads zhangyi$ python3 Nice.py 
1
deque(['1'], maxlen=5)
2
deque(['1', '2'], maxlen=5)
3
deque(['1', '2', '3'], maxlen=5)
4
deque(['1', '2', '3', '4'], maxlen=5)
5
deque(['1', '2', '3', '4', '5'], maxlen=5)
6
deque(['2', '3', '4', '5', '6'], maxlen=5)
7
deque(['3', '4', '5', '6', '7'], maxlen=5)
8
deque(['4', '5', '6', '7', '8'], maxlen=5)