Spring Cloud

一、概述

1、Springcloud是什么？

Spring官网：https://spring.io/

2、SpringCloud 和 SpringBoot 的关系

• springboot 专注于开发方便的单个个体微服务
• springCloud是关注全局微服务协调整理治理框架，将Springboot开发的一个个单体微服务，整合并管理起来，为各个微服务之间提供：配置管理、服务发现、断路器、路由、为代理、事件总栈、全局锁、决策竞选、分布式会话等等集成服务；
• springboot 可以离开springcloud独立使用，但是springcloud 离不开springboot ，属于依赖关系
• springboot 专注于个快速、方便开发单体个体微服务，springcloud关注全局的服务治理矿建

3、Dubbo和SpringCloud技术选型

1、分布式+服务治理Dubbo

目前成熟的互联网架构，应用服务化拆分+消息中间件

2、Dubbo和SpringCloud对比

可以看一下社区活跃度：

https://github.com/dubbo

https://github.com/spring-cloud

最大区别：Spring Cloud 抛弃了Dubbo的RPC通信，采用的是基于HTTP的REST方式
严格来说，这两种方式各有优劣。虽然从一定程度上来说，后者牺牲了服务调用的性能，但也避免了上面提到的原生RPC带来的问题。而且REST相比RPC更为灵活，服务提供方和调用方的依赖只依靠一纸契约，不存在代码级别的强依赖，这个优点在当下强调快速演化的微服务环境下，显得更加合适。

4、SpringCloud能干嘛？

• Distributed/versioned configuration 分布式/版本控制配置
• Service registration and discovery 服务注册与发现
• Routing 路由
• Service-to-service calls 服务到服务的调用
• Load balancing 负载均衡配置
• Circuit Breakers 断路器
• Distributed messaging 分布式消息管理

二、SpringCloud Rest学习环境搭建

1、创建父工程

• 新建父工程项目springcloud，切记Packageing是pom模式
• 主要是定义POM文件，将后续各个子模块公用的jar包等统一提取出来，类似一个抽象父类
  pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>org.example</groupId><artifactId>springCloud</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><modules><module>springcloud-api</module><module>springcloud-provider-dept-8001</module><module>springcloud-consumer-dept-80</module><module>springcloud-eureka-7001</module><module>springcloud-eureka-7002</module><module>springcloud-eureka-7003</module><module>springcloud-consumer-dept-feign</module><module>springcloud-provider-dept-8002</module><module>springcloud-provider-dept-8003</module><module>springcloud-provider-dept-hystrix-8001</module><module>springcloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard</module><module>springcloud-zuul-9527</module><module>springcloud-config-server-3344</module><module>springcloud-config-client-3355</module><module>springcloud-eureka-7001-config</module><module>springcloud-provider-dept-8001-config</module></modules><packaging>pom</packaging><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target><junit.version>4.13</junit.version><lombok.version>1.16.16</lombok.version><log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version></properties><dependencyManagement><dependencies>
<!--            --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>Greenwich.SR1</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId><version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.49</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>1.1.10</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>2.1.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId><artifactId>logback-core</artifactId><version>1.2.3</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>${junit.version}</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>${lombok.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>${log4j.version}</version></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement></project>

服务提供者

1、创建服务提供者 springcloud-provider-dept-8001

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springCloud</artifactId><groupId>org.example</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>springcloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId><properties><maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId><version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.example</groupId><artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId><artifactId>logback-core</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId></dependency>
<!--    test--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!--        jetty--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId></dependency>
<!--        热部署--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId></dependency></dependencies></project>

application.yml

server:port: 8001mybatis:type-aliases-package: com.zse.springcloud.pojoconfig-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xmlmapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xmlspring:application:name: springcloud-provider-deptdatasource:type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourcedriver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db01username: rootpassword: root
eureka:client:service-url:defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/instance:instance-id: springcloud-provider-dept8001
# info 配置
info:app.name: zse-springcloudcompany.name: zse.com

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"><configuration>
<!--    开启二级缓存--><settings><setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/></settings>
</configuration>

2、controller

package com.zse.springcloud.controller;import com.zse.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import com.zse.springcloud.service.DeptService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;import java.util.List;@RestController
public class DeptController {@Autowiredprivate DeptService deptService;@Autowiredprivate DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;@PostMapping("/dept/add")public boolean addDept(@RequestBody Dept dept){return deptService.addDept(dept);}@GetMapping("/dept/get/{id}")public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){return deptService.queryById(id);}@GetMapping("/dept/list")public List<Dept> queryAll(){return deptService.queryAll();}@GetMapping("/dept/info")public Object discovery(){List<String> services = discoveryClient.getServices();System.out.println("discovery->services:"+services);String serviceId = "SPRINGCLOUD-PROVIDER-DEPT";List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances(serviceId);for (ServiceInstance serviceInstance : instances){System.out.println(serviceInstance.getHost()+"\t" +serviceInstance.getPort()+"\t" +serviceInstance.getUri()+"\t" +serviceInstance.getServiceId()+"\t");}return instances;}
}

3、service

package com.zse.springcloud.service;import com.zse.springcloud.pojo.Dept;import java.util.List;public interface DeptService {public boolean addDept(Dept dept);public Dept queryById(Long id);public List<Dept> queryAll();
}package com.zse.springcloud.service.impl;import com.zse.springcloud.dao.DeptDao;
import com.zse.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import com.zse.springcloud.service.DeptService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.List;@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService {@Autowiredprivate DeptDao deptDao;@Overridepublic boolean addDept(Dept dept) {return deptDao.addDept(dept);}@Overridepublic Dept queryById(Long id) {return deptDao.queryById(id);}@Overridepublic List<Dept> queryAll() {return deptDao.queryAll();}
}

4、Dao

package com.zse.springcloud.dao;import com.zse.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;import java.util.List;@Mapper
public interface DeptDao {public boolean addDept(Dept dept);public Dept queryById(Long id);public List<Dept> queryAll();
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zse.springcloud.dao.DeptDao"><insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept">insert into dept (dname,db_source)values (#{dname},DATABASE())</insert><select id="queryById" parameterType="Long" resultType="Dept">select * from dept where deptno = #{id}</select><select id="queryAll" resultType="Dept">select * from dept</select>
</mapper>

服务消费者

1、创建服务消费者 springcloud-consumer-dept-80

创建pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><parent><artifactId>springCloud</artifactId><groupId>org.example</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>springcloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId><properties><maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target></properties><dependencies>
<!--       ribbon--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId><version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version></dependency><!--        eureka --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId><version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.example</groupId><artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId></dependency></dependencies></project>

application.yml

server:port: 80eureka:client:register-with-eureka: false # 不想eureka 注册自己service-url:defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/

2、config

package com.zse.springcloud.config;import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {/*** 配置一个负载均衡实现RestTemplate*/@Bean@LoadBalancedpublic RestTemplate restTemplate(){return new RestTemplate();}
}

3、controller

package com.zse.springcloud.controller;import com.zse.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;import java.util.List;@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {//    理解消费者，不应该有service
//    Restful   RestTemplate  供我们直接使用
//    url  Map Class<T> responseType@Autowiredprivate RestTemplate restTemplate;//Ribbon . 我们这里的地址应该是个变量 ，通过服务名来访问//private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://SPRINGCLOUD-PROVIDER-DEPT";@RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/get/{id}")public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get/"+id,Dept.class);}@RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/add")public boolean add(Dept dept){return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/add",dept,Boolean.class);}@RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/list")public List<Dept> list(){return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/list",List.class);}
}

4、main

package com.zse.springcloud;import com.zse.springcloud.config.ConfigBean;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClient;@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class DeptConsumer_80 {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer_80.class,args);}
}

Eureca 依赖

pom.xml

<!--Eureka依赖-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-eureka -->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId><version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

application.yml

server:port: 7001eureka:instance:hostname: eureka7001.com  # Eureka 服务端的实例名称client:register-with-eureka: false # 表示是否向eureka注册中心注册自己fetch-registry: false # 如果fetch-registry 如果为 false 表示自己是注册中心service-url:  # 监控页面
#      单机： defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
#      集群(关联)defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/

mian

package com.zse.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServer_7001 {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(EurekaServer_7001.class,args);}
}