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项目结构

$ tree -I target
.
├── pom.xml
└── src├── main│   ├── java│   │   └── com│   │       └── example│   │           └── demo│   │               ├── Application.java│   │               ├── config│   │               │   └── MongoConfiguration.java│   │               └── entity│   │                   └── UserData.java│   └── resources│       └── application.yml└── test└── java└── com└── example└── demo└── MongoTemplateTest.java

引入mongodb依赖

依赖

<!--mongodb-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>

完整pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.7.7</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>demo</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>demo</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!--mongodb--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><configuration><excludes><exclude><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></exclude></excludes></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>
</project>

配置mongodb连接参数

application.yml

spring:data:mongodb:uri: 'mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/data'

插入数据-默认

定义实体类

package com.example.demo.entity;import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;import java.util.Date;@Data
@Document(collection = "user")
public class UserData {private String name;private Integer age;private Date birthday;
}

插入数据

package com.example.demo;import com.example.demo.entity.UserData;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;import java.util.Date;@SpringBootTest
public class MongoTest {@Autowiredprivate MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;@Testpublic void testInsert(){UserData userData = new UserData();userData.setAge(20);userData.setName("Tom");userData.setBirthday(new Date(2000, 10, 01));mongoTemplate.insert(userData);}}

查询数据

db.getCollection('user').find({})

{"_id" : ObjectId("63c4ff1625a0156daca425dc"),"name" : "Tom","age" : 20,"birthday" : Date(60931152000000),"_class" : "com.example.demo.entity.UserData"
}

插入数据-自定义

默认插入方式，发现存在几个问题：

1. 多了一个_class字段，通过自定义配置类解决
2. 时间字段也不是我想要的，直接存字符串
3. _id 是ObjectId对象，直接自定义存一个uuid字符串

定义配置类

package com.example.demo.config;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoDatabaseFactorySupport;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.convert.DefaultMongoTypeMapper;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.convert.MappingMongoConverter;import javax.annotation.Resource;@Configuration
public class MongoConfiguration {@Resourceprivate MongoDatabaseFactorySupport mongoDatabaseFactorySupport;@Resourceprivate MappingMongoConverter mappingMongoConverter;@Beanpublic MongoTemplate mongoTemplate() {mappingMongoConverter.setTypeMapper(new DefaultMongoTypeMapper(null));MongoTemplate mongoTemplate = new MongoTemplate(mongoDatabaseFactorySupport, mappingMongoConverter);return mongoTemplate;}
}

修改实体类

package com.example.demo.entity;import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Field;@Data
@Document(collection = "user")
public class UserData {@Field("_id")private String docId;private String name;private Integer age;// private Date birthday;private String birthday;
}

插入数据

package com.example.demo;import com.example.demo.entity.UserData;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.UUID;@SpringBootTest
public class MongoTest {@Autowiredprivate MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;@Testpublic void testInsert() {UserData userData = new UserData();userData.setDocId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());userData.setAge(20);userData.setName("Tom");SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");Date birthday = new Date(2000 - 1900, 10 - 1, 1);userData.setBirthday(simpleDateFormat.format(birthday));mongoTemplate.insert(userData);}}

查看插入的数据

{"_id" : "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac20","name" : "Tom","age" : 20,"birthday" : "2000-10-01 00:00:00"
}

根据ID获取数据

{"_id" : "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac20","name" : "Tom","age" : 20,"birthday" : "2000-10-01 00:00:00"
}

// select * from user where id = ? limit 1
String docId = "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac20";UserData userData = mongoTemplate.findById(docId, UserData.class);
System.out.println(userData);
// UserData(docId=08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac20, name=Tom, age=20, birthday=2000-10-01 00:00:00)

按照ID移除

// delete from user where id = ?
String docId = "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac20";
Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is(docId));DeleteResult deleteResult = mongoTemplate.remove(query, UserData.class);System.out.println(deleteResult.getDeletedCount());
// 1

查询-条件-排序-分页

// select * from user
// where age > 18
// order by age desc
// limit 1 offset 0Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("age").gt(18));
query.with(Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC, "age"));
query.skip(0).limit(3);// 查询数量
long count = mongoTemplate.count(query, UserData.class);System.out.println(count);
// 2// 查询列表
List<UserData> userDataList = mongoTemplate.find(query, UserData.class);for (UserData userData : userDataList) {System.out.println(userData);
}// UserData(docId=08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac21, name=Jack, age=21, birthday=2000-10-02 00:00:00)
// UserData(docId=08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac20, name=Tom, age=20, birthday=2000-10-01 00:00:00)

更新部分字段

String docId = "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac21";
Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is(docId));Update update = new Update();SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
update.set("birthday", simpleDateFormat.format(new Date()));UpdateResult updateResult = mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, UserData.class);
System.out.println(updateResult.getModifiedCount());
// 1

// 更新前
{"_id" : "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac21","name" : "Jack","age" : 21,"birthday" : "2000-10-02 00:00:00"
}// 更新后
{"_id" : "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac21","name" : "Jack","age" : 21,"birthday" : "2023-01-16 17:07:23"
}

全文档更新

String docId = "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac21";
Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is(docId));UserData userData = new UserData();
userData.setDocId(docId);
userData.setName("jack");Document document = (Document)mongoTemplate.getConverter().convertToMongoType(userData);Update update = Update.fromDocument(document);UpdateResult updateResult = mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, UserData.class);
System.out.println(updateResult.getModifiedCount());
// 1

// 更新前
{"_id" : "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac21","name" : "Jack","age" : 21,"birthday" : "2023-01-16 17:07:23"
}// 更新后
{"_id" : "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac21","name" : "jack"
}

完整代码

package com.example.demo;import com.example.demo.entity.UserData;
import com.mongodb.client.result.DeleteResult;
import com.mongodb.client.result.UpdateResult;
import org.bson.Document;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;@SpringBootTest
public class MongoTest {@Autowiredprivate MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;/*** 插入数据*/@Testpublic void testInsert() {UserData userData = new UserData();userData.setDocId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());userData.setAge(20);userData.setName("Tom");SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");Date birthday = new Date(2000 - 1900, 10 - 1, 1);userData.setBirthday(simpleDateFormat.format(birthday));mongoTemplate.insert(userData);}/*** 按id查询*/@Testpublic void testFindById() {// select * from user where id = ? limit 1String docId = "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac20";UserData userData = mongoTemplate.findById(docId, UserData.class);System.out.println(userData);// UserData(docId=08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac20, name=Tom, age=20, birthday=2000-10-01 00:00:00)}/*** 按照id移除*/@Testpublic void testRemove() {// delete from user where id = ?String docId = "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac20";Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is(docId));DeleteResult deleteResult = mongoTemplate.remove(query, UserData.class);System.out.println(deleteResult.getDeletedCount());// 1}/*** 查询-条件-排序-分页*/@Testpublic void testFind() {// select * from user// where age > 18// order by age desc// limit 1 offset 0Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("age").gt(18));query.with(Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC, "age"));query.skip(0).limit(3);// 查询数量long count = mongoTemplate.count(query, UserData.class);System.out.println(count);// 2// 查询列表List<UserData> userDataList = mongoTemplate.find(query, UserData.class);for (UserData userData : userDataList) {System.out.println(userData);}// UserData(docId=08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac21, name=Jack, age=21, birthday=2000-10-02 00:00:00)// UserData(docId=08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac20, name=Tom, age=20, birthday=2000-10-01 00:00:00)}/*** 更新部分字段*/@Testpublic void testUpdate() {String docId = "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac21";Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is(docId));Update update = new Update();SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");update.set("birthday", simpleDateFormat.format(new Date()));UpdateResult updateResult = mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, UserData.class);System.out.println(updateResult.getModifiedCount());// 1}/*** 全文档更新*/@Testpublic void testUpdateDocument() {String docId = "08f23d0b-76ff-4d62-ac52-4fc68ceeac21";Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is(docId));UserData userData = new UserData();userData.setDocId(docId);userData.setName("jack");Document document = (Document)mongoTemplate.getConverter().convertToMongoType(userData);Update update = Update.fromDocument(document);UpdateResult updateResult = mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, UserData.class);System.out.println(updateResult.getModifiedCount());// 1}
}

参考
SpringBoot V2.7.5整合MongoDB V6.0.0图文详解
SpringBoot 整合 MongoDB 实现数据的增删改查！