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第一章

机器学习(Machine

Learning)

你可以很容易地找到一些机器学习的例子，其中机器学习和深度学习的概念可以在媒体中互换使用。

You easily find examples where the conceptsof Machine Learning and

Deep Learning are used interchangeably in the media.

然而，专家们一般会将这两个术语予以区分。

However, experts generally distinguish them.

如果你已经决定研究这个领域，重要的是你理解这些术语的实际含义，更重要的是，它们之间的区别。

If you have decided to study this field,it’s important you

understand what these words actually mean, and moreimportantly, how

they differ.

当你第一次听到“机器学习”这个词时，你想到了什么？

What occurred to you when you heard theterm “Machine Learning” for

the first time?

你有没有想到与图1-1相似的东西？

Did you think of something that was similarto Figure 1-1?

图1-1 机器学习还是人工智能？Machine

Learning orArtificial Intelligence?

图1-1描绘的是人工智能，而不仅仅是机器学习。

Figure 1-1 portrays Artificial Intelligencemuch more than Machine

Learning.

用这种方式理解机器学习会造成严重的混淆。

Understanding Machine Learning in this waywill bring about serious

confusion.

虽然机器学习确实是人工智能的一个分支，但它传达了一种与此图像所暗示的截然不同的思想。

Although Machine Learning is indeed abranch of Artificial

Intelligence, it conveys an idea that is much differentfrom what

this image may imply.

一般来说，人工智能、机器学习和深度学习都是相互关联的：“深度学习是一种机器学习，而机器学习是一种人工智能。”

In general, Artificial Intelligence,Machine Learning, and Deep

Learning are related as follows: “Deep Learning is akind of Machine

Learning, and Machine Learning is a kind of

ArtificialIntelligence.”

这是怎么回事呢？

How is that?

其实很简单，不是吗？

It’s simple, isn’t it?

这种分类的方式可能不像自然法则那样是绝对的，但它却被广泛接受。

This classification may not be as absoluteas the laws of nature,

but it is widely accepted.

让我们深入研究一下。

Let’s dig into it a little further.

人工智能是一个非常常见的词，可以暗示许多不同的事物。

Artificial Intelligence is a very commonword that may imply many

different things.

它可以表示任何形式的技术，包括一些智能应用方面，而不是精确地指向特定的技术领域。

It may indicate any form of technology thatincludes some

intelligent aspects rather than pinpoint a specific

technologyfield.

相反，机器学习指的是一个特定的领域。

In contrast, Machine Learning refers to aspecific field.

换言之，我们使用机器学习来表示人工智能的特定技术组成。

In other words, we use Machine Learning toindicate a specific

technological group of Artificial Intelligence.

这些技术的其中之一是深度学习，便是本书的主题。

One of them is Deep Learning, which is thesubject of this book.

深度学习是机器学习的一种，这一事实非常重要，这就是为什么我们正在进行关于人工智能、机器学习和深度学习之间如何联系的回顾。

The fact that Deep Learning is a type ofMachine Learning is very

important, and that is why we are going through thislengthy review

on how Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and DeepLearning

are related.

——本文译自Phil Kim所著的《Matlab Deep Learning》

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