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admin2025/5/18 7:21:26【news】

简介基于html5设计的网站建设,广州商务网站建设,建设网站需求,wordpress 文档插件本文，我们将基于Spring Boot技术来实现一个微服务天气预报服务接口——micro-weather-basic。micro-weather-basic 的作用是实现简单的天气预报功能，可以根据不同的城市，查询该城市的实时天气情况。开发环境Gradle 4.0Spring Boot 1.5.6Apach…

基于html5设计的网站建设,广州商务网站建设,建设网站需求,wordpress 文档插件本文，我们将基于Spring Boot技术来实现一个微服务天气预报服务接口——micro-weather-basic。micro-weather-basic 的作用是实现简单的天气预报功能，可以根据不同的城市，查询该城市的实时天气情况。开发环境Gradle 4.0Spring Boot 1.5.6Apach…

本文，我们将基于Spring Boot技术来实现一个微服务天气预报服务接口——micro-weather-basic。micro-weather-basic 的作用是实现简单的天气预报功能，可以根据不同的城市，查询该城市的实时天气情况。

开发环境

Gradle 4.0
Spring Boot 1.5.6
Apache HttpClient 1.5.3

数据来源

理论上，天气的数据是天气预报的实现基础。本应用与实际的天气数据无关，理论上，可以兼容多种数据来源。但为求简单，我们在网上找了一个免费、可用的天气数据接口。

天气数据来源为中华万年历。
城市ID列表。每个城市都有一个唯一的ID作为标识。

调用天气服务接口示例，我们以“深圳”城市为例，可用看到如下天气数据返回。

{"data": {"yesterday": {"date": "1日星期五","high": "高温 33℃","fx": "无持续风向","low": "低温 26℃","fl": "<![CDATA[<3级]]>","type": "多云"},"city": "深圳","aqi": "72","forecast": [{"date": "2日星期六","high": "高温 32℃","fengli": "<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low": "低温 26℃","fengxiang": "无持续风向","type": "阵雨"},{"date": "3日星期天","high": "高温 29℃","fengli": "<![CDATA[5-6级]]>","low": "低温 26℃","fengxiang": "无持续风向","type": "大雨"},{"date": "4日星期一","high": "高温 29℃","fengli": "<![CDATA[3-4级]]>","low": "低温 26℃","fengxiang": "西南风","type": "暴雨"},{"date": "5日星期二","high": "高温 31℃","fengli": "<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low": "低温 27℃","fengxiang": "无持续风向","type": "阵雨"},{"date": "6日星期三","high": "高温 32℃","fengli": "<![CDATA[<3级]]>","low": "低温 27℃","fengxiang": "无持续风向","type": "阵雨"}],"ganmao": "风较大，阴冷潮湿，较易发生感冒，体质较弱的朋友请注意适当防护。","wendu": "29"},"status": 1000,"desc": "OK"}

我们通过观察数据，来了解每个返回字段的含义。

“city”: 城市名称
“aqi”: 空气指数,
“wendu”: 实时温度
“date”: 日期，包含未来5天
“high”:最高温度
“low”: 最低温度
“fengli”: 风力
“fengxiang”: 风向
“type”: 天气类型

以上数据，是我们需要的天气数据的核心数据，但是，同时也要关注下面两个字段：

“status”: 接口调用的返回状态，返回值“1000”,意味着数据是接口正常
“desc”: 接口状态的描述，“OK”代表接口正常

重点关注返回值不是“1000”的情况,说明，这个接口调用异常了。

初始化一个 Spring Boot 项目

初始化一个 Spring Boot 项目 micro-weather-basic，该项目可以直接在我们之前章节课程中的 basic-gradle 项目基础进行修改。同时，为了优化项目的构建速度，我们对Maven中央仓库地址和 Gradle Wrapper 地址做了调整。其中细节暂且不表，读者可以自行参阅源码。

项目配置

添加 Apache HttpClient 的依赖，来作为我们Web请求的客户端。

// 依赖关系dependencies {//...// 添加  Apache HttpClient 依赖compile('org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.3')//...}

创建天气信息相关的值对象

创建com.waylau.spring.cloud.vo包，用于相关值对象。创建天气信息类 Weather

public class Weather implements Serializable {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;private String city;private String aqi;private String wendu;private String ganmao;private Yesterday yesterday;private List<Forecast> forecast;public String getCity() {return city;}public void setCity(String city) {this.city = city;}public String getAqi() {return aqi;}public void setAqi(String aqi) {this.aqi = aqi;}public String getWendu() {return wendu;}public void setWendu(String wendu) {this.wendu = wendu;}public String getGanmao() {return ganmao;}public void setGanmao(String ganmao) {this.ganmao = ganmao;}public Yesterday getYesterday() {return yesterday;}public void setYesterday(Yesterday yesterday) {this.yesterday = yesterday;}public List<Forecast> getForecast() {return forecast;}public void setForecast(List<Forecast> forecast) {this.forecast = forecast;}}

昨日天气信息：

public class Yesterday implements Serializable {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;private String date;private String high;private String fx;private String low;private String fl;private String type;public Yesterday() {}public String getDate() {return date;}public void setDate(String date) {this.date = date;}public String getHigh() {return high;}public void setHigh(String high) {this.high = high;}public String getFx() {return fx;}public void setFx(String fx) {this.fx = fx;}public String getLow() {return low;}public void setLow(String low) {this.low = low;}public String getFl() {return fl;}public void setFl(String fl) {this.fl = fl;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String type) {this.type = type;}}

未来天气信息：

public class Forecast implements Serializable {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;private String date;private String high;private String fengxiang;private String low;private String fengli;private String type;public String getDate() {return date;}public void setDate(String date) {this.date = date;}public String getHigh() {return high;}public void setHigh(String high) {this.high = high;}public String getFengxiang() {return fengxiang;}public void setFengxiang(String fengxiang) {this.fengxiang = fengxiang;}public String getLow() {return low;}public void setLow(String low) {this.low = low;}public String getFengli() {return fengli;}public void setFengli(String fengli) {this.fengli = fengli;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String type) {this.type = type;}public Forecast() {}}

WeatherResponse 作为整个消息的返回对象

public class WeatherResponse implements Serializable {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;private Weather data; // 消息数据private String status; // 消息状态private String desc; // 消息描述public Weather getData() {return data;}public void setData(Weather data) {this.data = data;}public String getStatus() {return status;}public void setStatus(String status) {this.status = status;}public String getDesc() {return desc;}public void setDesc(String desc) {this.desc = desc;}}

服务接口及实现

定义了获取服务的两个接口方法

public interface WeatherDataService {/*** 根据城市ID查询天气数据* @param cityId* @return*/WeatherResponse getDataByCityId(String cityId);/*** 根据城市名称查询天气数据* @param cityId* @return*/WeatherResponse getDataByCityName(String cityName);}

其实现为:

@Servicepublic class WeatherDataServiceImpl implements WeatherDataService {@Autowiredprivate RestTemplate restTemplate;private final String WEATHER_API = "http://wthrcdn.etouch.cn/weather_mini";@Overridepublic WeatherResponse getDataByCityId(String cityId) {String uri = WEATHER_API + "?citykey=" + cityId;return this.doGetWeatherData(uri);}@Overridepublic WeatherResponse getDataByCityName(String cityName) {String uri = WEATHER_API + "?city=" + cityName;return this.doGetWeatherData(uri);}private WeatherResponse doGetWeatherData(String uri) {ResponseEntity<String> response = restTemplate.getForEntity(uri, String.class);String strBody = null;if (response.getStatusCodeValue() == 200) {strBody = response.getBody();}ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();WeatherResponse weather = null;try {weather = mapper.readValue(strBody, WeatherResponse.class);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return weather;}}

返回的天气信息采用了 Jackson 来进行反序列化成为 WeatherResponse 对象。

控制器层

控制器层暴露了RESTful API 地址。

@RestController@RequestMapping("/weather")	public class WeatherController {@Autowiredprivate WeatherDataService weatherDataService;@GetMapping("/cityId/{cityId}")public WeatherResponse getReportByCityId(@PathVariable("cityId") String cityId) {return weatherDataService.getDataByCityId(cityId);}@GetMapping("/cityName/{cityName}")public WeatherResponse getReportByCityName(@PathVariable("cityName") String cityName) {return weatherDataService.getDataByCityName(cityName);}}

@RestController自动会将返回的数据，序列化成 JSON数据格式。

配置类

RestConfiguration 是 RestTemplate 的配置类。

@Configurationpublic class RestConfiguration {@Autowired  private RestTemplateBuilder builder;  @Bean  public RestTemplate restTemplate() {  return builder.build();  }}