瑞丽市建设局网站/广东新闻今日大件事

1、写在前面

• APP开发避免不开系统权限的问题，如何在APP以更加友好的方式向用户展示系统权限，似乎也是开发过程中值得深思的一件事；
• 那如何提高APP获取iOS系统权限的通过率呢？有以下几种方式:
  • 1.在用户打开APP时就向用户请求权限；
  • 2.告知用户授权权限后能够获得好处之后，再向用户请求权限；
  • 3.在绝对必要的情况下才向用户请求权限，例如：用户访问照片库时请求访问系统相册权限；
  • 4.在展示系统权限的对话框前，先向用户显示自定义的对话框，若用户选择不允许，默认无操作，若用户选择允许，再展示系统对话框。
• 上述情况在开发过程中是经常遇到的，不同方式的选择会影响最后用户交互体验。

2、权限分类

• 2.1 联网权限

  • 引入头文件 @import CoreTelephony;
  • 应用启动后，检测应用中是否有联网权限

  CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
  cellularData.cellularDataRestrictionDidUpdateNotifier =  ^(CTCellularDataRestrictedState state){//获取联网状态switch (state) {case kCTCellularDataRestricted:NSLog(@"Restricrted");break;case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:NSLog(@"Not Restricted");break;case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:NSLog(@"Unknown");break;default:break;};
  };

  • 查询应用是否有联网功能

  CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
  CTCellularDataRestrictedState state = cellularData.restrictedState;switch (state) {case kCTCellularDataRestricted:NSLog(@"Restricrted");break;case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:NSLog(@"Not Restricted");break;case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:NSLog(@"Unknown");break;default:break;
  }

• 2.2 相册权限

  • --iOS 9.0之前
  • 导入头文件 #import <AssetsLibrary/AssetsLibrary.h>
  • 检查是否有相册权限

   ALAuthorizationStatus status = [ALAssetsLibrary authorizationStatus];
  switch (status) {case ALAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:NSLog(@"Authorized");break;case ALAuthorizationStatusDenied:NSLog(@"Denied");break;case ALAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:NSLog(@"not Determined");break;case ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted:NSLog(@"Restricted");break;default:break;
  }

• 相册权限--iOS 8.0之后
  • 导入头文件 #import <Photos/Photos.h>
  • 检查是否有相册权限

  PHAuthorizationStatus photoAuthorStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus];
  switch (photoAuthorStatus) {case PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:NSLog(@"Authorized");break;case PHAuthorizationStatusDenied:NSLog(@"Denied");break;case PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:NSLog(@"not Determined");break;case PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted:NSLog(@"Restricted");break;default:break;
  }[PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) {
  if (status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {NSLog(@"Authorized");
  }
  else {NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
  }
  }];

• 2.3 相机和麦克风权限

  • 导入头文件#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
  • 检查是否有相机或麦克风权限

  AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];//相机权限
  AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio];//麦克风权限switch (AVstatus) {case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:NSLog(@"Authorized");break;case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied:NSLog(@"Denied");break;case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:NSLog(@"not Determined");break;case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted:NSLog(@"Restricted");break;default:break;
  }

  • 获取相机或麦克风权限

  [AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//相机权限if (granted) {NSLog(@"Authorized");}else {NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");}
  }];[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//麦克风权限if (granted) {NSLog(@"Authorized");}else {NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");}
  }];

• 2.4 定位权限

  • 导入头文件#import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
  • 由于iOS8.0之后定位方法的改变，需要在info.plist中进行配置；
  • 检查是否有定位权限

  BOOL isLocation = [CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled];
  if (!isLocation) {NSLog(@"not turn on the location");
  }
  CLAuthorizationStatus CLstatus = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];
  switch (CLstatus) {case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:NSLog(@"Always Authorized");break;case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");break;case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:NSLog(@"Denied");break;case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:NSLog(@"not Determined");break;case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:NSLog(@"Restricted");break;default:break;
  }

  • 获取定位权限

  CLLocationManager *manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
  [manager requestAlwaysAuthorization];//一直获取定位信息
  [manager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];//使用的时候获取定位信息

  • 在代理方法中查看权限是否改变

  - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status{switch (status) {case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:NSLog(@"Always Authorized");break;case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");break;case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:NSLog(@"Denied");break;case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:NSLog(@"not Determined");break;case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:NSLog(@"Restricted");break;default:break;}
  }

• 2.5 推送权限

  • 检查是否有通讯权限

  UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings];
  switch (settings.types) {case UIUserNotificationTypeNone:NSLog(@"None");break;case UIUserNotificationTypeAlert:NSLog(@"Alert Notification");break;case UIUserNotificationTypeBadge:NSLog(@"Badge Notification");break;case UIUserNotificationTypeSound:NSLog(@"sound Notification'");break;default:break;
  }

  • 获取推送权限

  UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil];
  [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:setting];

• 2.6 通讯录权限

  • iOS9.0之前
  • 导入头文件#import <AddressBook/AddressBook.h>
  • 检查是否有通讯录权限

  ABAuthorizationStatus ABstatus = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus();
  switch (ABstatus) {case kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:NSLog(@"Authorized");break;case kABAuthorizationStatusDenied:NSLog(@"Denied'");break;case kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:NSLog(@"not Determined");break;case kABAuthorizationStatusRestricted:NSLog(@"Restricted");break;default:break;
  }

  • 获取通讯录权限

  ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);
  ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {if (granted) {NSLog(@"Authorized");CFRelease(addressBook);}else {NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");}
  });

  • iOS9.0及以后
  • 导入头文件#import <Contacts/Contacts.h>
  • 检查是否有通讯录权限

  CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts];switch (status) {case CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: {NSLog(@"Authorized:");}break;case CNAuthorizationStatusDenied:{NSLog(@"Denied");}break;case CNAuthorizationStatusRestricted:{NSLog(@"Restricted");}break;case CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{NSLog(@"NotDetermined");}break;}

  • 获取通讯录权限

  CNContactStore *contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init];[contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {if (granted) {NSLog(@"Authorized");}else {NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");}}];

• 2.7 日历、备忘录权限

  • 导入头文件
  • 检查是否有日历或者备忘录权限

  typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, EKEntityType) {EKEntityTypeEvent,//日历EKEntityTypeReminder //备忘
  };EKAuthorizationStatus EKstatus = [EKEventStore  authorizationStatusForEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent];
  switch (EKstatus) {case EKAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:NSLog(@"Authorized");break;case EKAuthorizationStatusDenied:NSLog(@"Denied'");break;case EKAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:NSLog(@"not Determined");break;case EKAuthorizationStatusRestricted:NSLog(@"Restricted");break;default:break;
  }

  • 获取日历或备忘录权限

  EKEventStore *store = [[EKEventStore alloc]init];
  [store requestAccessToEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {if (granted) {NSLog(@"Authorized");}else{NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");}
  }];

3、最后一点

• 所有获取权限的方法，多用于用户第一次操作应用，iOS 8.0之后，将这些设置都整合在一起，并且可以开启或关闭相应的权限。所有的权限都可以通过下面的方法打开：

[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString]];